The Pure Peptides Canada Research Library is a free collection of more than 120 guides on how research peptides are made, tested, stored and bought in Canada, and on the biology behind the compounds researchers study most.
Start with the six-guide reading path, browse by topic, or find a guide by name.
Topic 1 of 8
Peptide testing and quality
How identity and purity are measured, what a certificate of analysis should show, and how to spot a report that doesn’t add up.
- Amino Acid Analysis: How a Peptide’s Content and Composition Are Measured
- Analytical Method Validation: Why a Purity Number Depends on Its Method
- Bradford Assay vs BCA Assay: Which Protein Assay Works for Peptides?
- Clinical Trial Phases Explained: From Phase 0 to Phase IV
- Co-Formulated Peptide Vials: What a Blend’s Certificate Can Prove
- COA vs SDS vs Specification Sheet: The Documents Behind a Research Peptide
- Endotoxin in Research Peptides: What It Is and Why It Matters
- How Peptides Degrade: A Guide to Peptide Stability
- How Research Peptides Are Made: Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis Explained
- How to Read a Peptide Mass Spectrum: Charge States, Isotopes and Adducts
- How to Read a Peptide Study: Cell, Animal and Human Evidence Explained
- How to Read an HPLC Chromatogram: A Peptide Buyer’s Guide
- How to Spot Fake or Underdosed Research Peptides
- HPLC vs UPLC: What Changes When a Peptide Is Analyzed at Higher Pressure
- LC-MS Explained: How a Peptide’s Identity Is Confirmed
- Liquid Chromatography Explained: How LC Separates Peptides and How an HPLC System Works
- Michaelis Menten Kinetics Explained: Km, Vmax and kcat for Peptide and Enzyme Assays
- Micropipette Explained: Parts, Forward and Reverse Technique, and Accuracy Checks
- Net Peptide Content and TFA vs Acetate Salts, Explained
- Peptide Calculator: Concentration, Molarity and Dilution
- Peptide Lab Safety Under WHMIS: Handling, Spills and Disposal of Peptide Powders
- Peptide Molecular Weight: How to Calculate It From a Sequence
- Peptide Purity Explained: What a Purity Percentage Really Means
- Scrambled Peptide Controls: How to Design a Credible Peptide Experiment
- Serial Dilution Explained: The Formula, a Worked Series and Where Errors Creep In
- Stability Testing Explained: How a Peptide’s Shelf Life Is Determined
- Standard Curve Guide: How to Build One, Read an Unknown and Know When to Doubt It
- Systematic Review vs Meta-Analysis: What Each Can Tell You
- Tandem Mass Spectrometry (MS/MS) Explained: How Peptides Are Fragmented and Sequenced
- What a Placebo-Controlled Trial Can and Cannot Show
- What Does Lyophilized Mean? Freeze-Drying Peptides Explained
Topic 3 of 8
Peptide basics
The chemistry behind research peptides: amino acids, sequence notation, molecular weight, synthesis, stability and storage.
- Amino Acid Codes: The One-Letter and Three-Letter Chart
- Bioregulator Peptides Explained: The Khavinson Short Peptides
- Cell-Penetrating Peptides: How Peptides Get Inside Cells
- Cyclic AMP and Protein Kinase A Explained
- D-Amino Acids Explained: Mirror-Image Building Blocks in Peptides
- Dipeptides, Tripeptides and Oligopeptides: Short Peptides Explained
- From Insulin to GLP-1: Canada’s Century of Peptide Discovery
- Glycine Structure and Proline Structure: The Amino Acids That Bend Peptide Chains
- GPCRs Explained: How Peptide Receptors Work
- Histidine Structure: The Imidazole Side Chain, Its pKa and Why It Binds Copper
- How Peptides Are Made to Last: Lipidation, PEGylation and Other Half-Life Tricks
- Peptide Drugs Explained: Definition, Approved Examples and How They Are Designed
- Peptide Hormones Explained: From Insulin to GLP-1
- Peptide Names Decoded: Where BPC-157, TB-500, GHRP-6 and -relin Come From
- Peptide Sequence Notation and End Caps: Reading Ac-, -NH2, cyclo and Salt Forms
- Peptides vs Small Molecules: What Actually Differs in the Lab
- Research Peptide Glossary: 46 Terms Every Lab Should Know
- What Are Peptides? A Plain-English Guide
Topic 4 of 8
Recovery and repair research
What preclinical research has examined for peptides studied in tissue-repair, wound and inflammation models, and how strong that evidence is.
- Angiogenesis and VEGF Explained: How New Blood Vessels Form
- Antimicrobial Peptides Explained: Defensins, Cathelicidins and LL-37
- ARA-290 (Cibinetide): What the Research Shows
- BPC-157 Safety: What Toxicology, Human Data and Regulators Say
- Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS): Why Muscles Get Sore After Exercise
- Inflammatory Mediators Explained: The Molecules That Start, Steer and Stop Inflammation
- KLOW Peptide Blend: What’s Inside and What the Research Shows
- KPV Peptide: What the Research Shows
- LL-37 Peptide: What the Research Shows
- NF-κB Explained: The Switch Behind Inflammation Research
- Satellite Cells: The Muscle Stem Cells Behind Repair, Growth and Muscle Memory
- TB-500 vs TB-500 Fragment: What’s Actually in the Vial
- Tendon Injury and Repair: How Tendons Heal, and Why It Takes So Long
- The Wound Healing Process: Four Overlapping Phases, Explained Cell by Cell
All recovery and repair research articles Browse Recovery & Repair Back to topics
Topic 5 of 8
Growth and signalling research
Growth-hormone secretagogues, IGF-1 analogues and the signalling pathways they are studied in.
- CJC-1295 and Ipamorelin: What’s in a Blended Vial
- CJC-1295 vs Ipamorelin: How the Two Peptides Differ
- CJC-1295 with DAC: The Albumin-Binding GHRH Analogue Explained
- Ghrelin Explained: The Hunger Hormone Behind the GHRP Story
- GHRP-6 vs GHRP-2 vs Hexarelin: How They Compare
- Growth Hormone Peptides Explained: A Research Map
- IGF-1 LR3: The Long-Acting IGF-1 Analogue Built for Cell Culture
- Kisspeptin: The Gatekeeper of Puberty, Explained
- Muscle Fibre Types: Fast-Twitch vs Slow-Twitch (Type I, IIa and IIx) Explained
- Muscle Wasting Explained: Atrophy, Anabolic Resistance and the Myostatin Pathway
- Myogenesis Explained: How Myoblasts Become Muscle Fibres, and How Labs Model It
- Sermorelin vs Ipamorelin: How the Two Compare
- Sermorelin: What the Research Shows
- Somatostatin: The Brake on Growth Hormone
- Tesamorelin: What the Research Shows
- The JAK-STAT Pathway Explained: From Receptor to Gene
- The MAPK Pathway Explained: Ras, RAF, MEK and ERK
- What Is a Secretagogue? Growth Hormone, Insulin and Other Secretagogues Explained
- What Is IGF-1? Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 and the GH/IGF-1 Axis Explained
All growth and signalling research articles Browse Growth & Signaling Back to topics
Topic 7 of 8
Cognitive and neuro research
Neuropeptides, neurotrophic factors and the compounds studied in neurological models.
- Cerebrolysin: What the Evidence Actually Shows
- DSIP: The Sleep Peptide Science Still Can’t Explain
- N-Acetyl Peptides: What the Acetyl Group Actually Changes
- Neuropeptides Explained: The Brain’s Peptide Messengers
- Neurotrophic Factors: NGF, BDNF and the Neurogenesis Question
- Nootropic Peptides: What the Research Actually Shows
- Pinealon (EDR Peptide): What the Research Shows
- Semax vs Selank: How the Two Neuropeptides Compare
- Slow Wave Sleep: What Deep Sleep Does, and Its Link to Growth Hormone
- Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP): What the Research Shows
- What Does the Pineal Gland Do? Melatonin, Circadian Timing and the Peptide Research
- What Is ACTH? Adrenocorticotropic Hormone and the HPA Axis Explained
- α-MSH and the Melanocortin System Explained
All cognitive and neuro research articles Browse Cognitive & Neuro Back to topics
Topic 8 of 8
Anti-aging and cellular research
Mitochondrial peptides, senolytics, bioregulators and cellular-ageing pathways such as mTOR, sirtuins and telomeres.
- Anti-Aging Peptides: What the Research Actually Shows
- Argireline vs SNAP-8: What the Cosmetic Peptide Research Shows
- Carnosine Explained: The Muscle Dipeptide Behind Beta-Alanine Research
- Epitalon (Epithalon): What the Research Shows
- FOXO4-DRI: The Senolytic Peptide Explained
- GHK-Cu Copper Peptide: What the Research Shows
- GHK-Cu vs AHK-Cu: What the Research Actually Separates
- GSH vs GSSG: Reduced and Oxidized Glutathione in the Laboratory
- MOTS-c, SS-31 and Humanin: The Mitochondrial Peptides Explained
- MOTS-c: What the Mitochondrial Peptide Research Shows
- mTOR Explained: The Cell’s Growth Switch
- NAD+, NMN and Nicotinamide Riboside: What the Research Shows
- Nrf2 and Oxidative Stress Explained
- Senolytics Explained: What Clearing ‘Zombie’ Cells Has and Hasn’t Shown
- Sirtuins Explained: SIRT1 to SIRT7
- Telomeres and Telomerase: The Science Behind the Ageing Claims
- The Hair Growth Cycle Explained: Anagen, Catagen, Telogen and the Dermal Papilla
- Thymosin Alpha-1 (TA1): What the Research Shows
- Thymosin Alpha-1 vs Thymosin Beta-4: Two Unrelated Peptides With One Family Name
- Thymus Peptides Explained: Thymosin Alpha-1, Thymulin, Thymogen and Thymalin
- Types of Collagen: The Collagen Family, the Five Types That Matter Most, and How Collagen Is Made
- What Is Glutathione? The Tripeptide Behind Cellular Redox Balance
All anti-aging and cellular research articles Browse Anti-Aging & Cellular Back to topics
Research peptides are laboratory reagents for in-vitro research use only. They are not for human or veterinary use, and nothing in these guides is medical advice or dosing guidance.