What a Placebo-Controlled Trial Can and Cannot Show
Randomisation, allocation concealment, blinding and control groups explained, plus which research peptides actually have a placebo-controlled trial.
Archive
Tag: Laboratory Methods
Laboratory methods and calculations used when working with research peptides in vitro.
Micropipette Explained: Parts, Forward and Reverse Technique, and Accuracy Checks
How a micropipette works: its parts, forward and reverse technique, ISO 8655 limits, gravimetric checks and the errors that matter in in-vitro assay work.
Serial Dilution Explained: The Formula, a Worked Series and Where Errors Creep In
What a serial dilution is, the dilution factor formula, a worked plate example in micromolar, and how pipetting error and peptide adsorption build along a series.
Standard Curve Guide: How to Build One, Read an Unknown and Know When to Doubt It
What a standard curve is, how to build one, how to read an unknown from it, and why a high R squared does not prove the curve is good. A worked example included.
Tandem Mass Spectrometry (MS/MS) Explained: How Peptides Are Fragmented and Sequenced
How tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) selects and fragments a peptide ion, how b and y ions spell out its sequence, and what MS/MS can and cannot prove.
Michaelis Menten Kinetics Explained: Km, Vmax and kcat for Peptide and Enzyme Assays
Michaelis-Menten kinetics explained: the 1913 equation, what Km, Vmax, kcat and kcat/Km mean, how to read the plot, why Lineweaver-Burk misleads, and peptide assays.
Liquid Chromatography Explained: How LC Separates Peptides and How an HPLC System Works
What liquid chromatography is, how its six main modes separate peptides, why reversed-phase is the default, and how each module of an HPLC system shapes a purity result.
Bradford Assay vs BCA Assay: Which Protein Assay Works for Peptides?
Bradford vs BCA assay: how each protein assay works, why the standard skews results, and why both can mislead you with short synthetic peptides.
Co-Formulated Peptide Vials: What a Blend’s Certificate Can Prove
A single purity figure underdetermines a co-formulated peptide vial. What area percent measures, why it is not the component ratio.
TB-500 vs TB-500 Fragment: What’s Actually in the Vial
The FDA registers TB-500 as a seven-residue fragment, not full-length thymosin beta-4. Why only a measured mass tells the two vials apart.
